Docket Number:
FDA-2026-D-1256
Issued by:

Guidance Issuing Office

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

The purpose of this guidance is to describe considerations for generating substantial evidence of effectiveness and evidence of safety for individualized therapies based on a plausible mechanism framework. The plausible mechanism framework outlines a set of recommendations to help developers of individualized therapies generate sufficient clinical safety and efficacy data to demonstrate that a drug or biological product is safe and effective for the intended use, and that the product can be manufactured to regulatory quality standards. These data are used to support approval or licensure of an individualized therapy for a specific indication. This includes a careful evaluation of the results of nonclinical and clinical data and chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) data necessary to support product quality.


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You can submit online or written comments on any guidance at any time (see 21 CFR 10.115(g)(5))

If unable to submit comments online, please mail written comments to:

Dockets Management
Food and Drug Administration
5630 Fishers Lane, Rm 1061
Rockville, MD 20852

All written comments should be identified with this document's docket number: FDA-2026-D-1256.

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